The Prohibition of Tribal Marriage in the Minangkabau Tradition A Qur'anic Perspective: A Comparative Analysis of Tafsîr al-Munîr and Tafsîr al-Mishbâh

Abstract

This study examines the prohibition of inter-tribal marriage in the Minangkabau tradition from the perspective of the Qur'an through a comparative analysis of two books of tafsir, namely Tafsîr al-Munîr by Wahbah Zuhaili and Tafsîr al-Mishbâh by Muhammad Quraish Shihab. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach and library research. The primary data source includes the text of the Qur'an and the two books of tafsir, while the secondary source is in the form of relevant scientific literature. The results of the study show that the Qur'an does not provide an explicit prohibition against inter-tribal marriage; The prohibition only applies to marriages with mahrams, siblings, and certain differences in faith. Tafsîr al-Munîr emphasizes the legal aspects (fiqh) and the social purpose of marriage, so that tribal prohibitions do not get explicit shari'i legitimacy. On the contrary, Tafsîr al-Mishbâh highlights wisdom, maslahat, and moral values, so that the tradition of tribal prohibition can be understood as a local wisdom that maintains social harmony. The two mufasir agreed that Islam does not determine a particular kinship system, so that Minangkabau customs do not contradict the universal principles of the Qur'an. The violation of this customary prohibition does not have implications of Islamic law as long as it does not violate the provisions of marriage that are haram according to sharia.