The Effectiveness of Direct Methods (Thariqah Mubasyirah) in Improving Speaking Skills Arabic Language for Madrasah Aliyah Students

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the application of the direct method or thariqah mubasyirah in improving the Arabic speaking skills of Madrasah Aliyah students. Arabic language learning in Indonesia still faces various challenges, especially in the development of speaking skills which are fundamental competencies in language mastery. Direct methods that emphasize the intensive use of target language without involving the mother tongue are seen as one potential approach to address these problems. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design involving 60 students in class X of Madrasah Aliyah who are divided into experimental groups and control groups. Data was collected through speaking skills tests, learning observations, and student perception questionnaires. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental group using the direct method and the control group using the conventional method. The experimental group experienced an increase in the average score of speaking skills from 65.4 to 82.7 with a gain score of 17.3 points, while the control group only experienced an increase from 64.8 to 71.2 with a gain score of 6.4 points. Statistical tests using independent sample t-test showed a significance value of 0.001 which means that there is a significant difference between the two groups. Further analysis revealed that the direct method was effective in improving aspects of fluency in speaking, pronunciation accuracy, vocabulary richness, and courage to communicate. This research provides practical implications for the development of more communicative and applicable Arabic language learning methods in madrasas in Indonesia.